Prostate Biopsy

Prostate Biopsy Overview

Depending on abnormal results from other tests, a patient may need a prostate biopsy to rule out prostate cancer. In this procedure, small samples of tissue are taken from your prostate gland to check for the presence of cancer or other conditions. If a patient is recommended this procedure, you may have elevated PSA levels, an abnormal rectal exam, or suspicious imaging studies found in an ultrasound or MRI.

 

The Prostate Biopsy Procedure

The prostate biopsy is usually performed in an outpatient setting. There are a few methods to perform the biopsy:

• Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Biopsy: This is the most common method. An ultrasound probe is inserted into the rectum to guide the needle to the prostate. Local anesthesia is often used to minimize discomfort.
• Transperineal Biopsy: With this method, a needle goes through the skin between the scrotum and the rectum.

 

Preparing for Your Prostate Biopsy

Before your biopsy, your doctor will provide specific instructions. You may need to avoid certain medications, take antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection, or use an enema at home a few hours before the procedure takes place. You should also discontinue the use of blood thinners (like aspirin) a few days before the procedure. Don’t use alcohol prior to the procedure and be sure to bring a driver who can take you home afterward.

After the procedure, it is normal to experience some minor side effects like blood in the urine or semen, mild discomfort, soreness, or pain in the biopsy area. While complications are rare, it’s important to monitor yourself for signs of infection. If you are experiencing fever, chills, or persistent pain after a biopsy contact your doctor right away.

 

Prostate Biopsy Risks

Common risks of a prostate biopsy may include:

• Bleeding
• Pain
• Difficulty urinating
• Inconclusive results
• Blind biopsy that may miss cancerous cells
• Infection
• Blood in ejaculate following the procedure
• A slight presence of blood in the stool